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The Story of

Poland

972 – 2024

Country in Central Europe

  1. Defense of the Polish Post Office in Danzig

    1 September 1939

    The Defence of the Polish Post Office in Gdańsk (Danzig) was one of the first acts of World War II in Europe, as part of the September Campaign. On 1 September 1939 the Invasion of Poland was initiated by Germany when the battleship Schleswig-Holstein opened fire on the Polish-controlled harbor of Danzig, around 04:45.

  2. Bloody Sunday

    3 September 1939

    Bloody Sunday (German: Bromberger Blutsonntag; Polish: Krwawa niedziela) was a sequence of violent events that took place in Bydgoszcz (German: Bromberg), a Polish city with a sizable German minority, between 3 and 4 September 1939, during the German invasion of Poland. Standing in the path of the German army's advance during the early days of the invasion, tensions quickly escalated in Bydgoszcz between the city's sizable German-speaking minority and its Polish majority.

  3. Siege of Warsaw

    8 September 1939 – 28 September 1939

    The Siege of Warsaw was fought between the Polish Warsaw Army (Polish: Armia Warszawska, Armia Warszawa) garrisoned and entrenched in Warsaw and the invading German Army. It began with huge aerial bombardments initiated by the Luftwaffe starting on September 1, 1939 following the German invasion of Poland.

  4. Battle of the Bzura

    9 September 1939 – 19 September 1939

    The Battle of the Bzura (or the Battle of Kutno) was the largest battle of the German invasion of Poland and was fought from 9 to 19 September 1939. It was a Polish counter-attack against the Germans.

  5. Battle of Hel

    9 September 1939 – 2 October 1939

    The Battle of Hel (Polish: Obrona Helu, literally "the Defense of Hel") was a World War II engagement fought from 1 September to 2 October 1939 on the Hel Peninsula, of the Baltic Sea coast, between invading German forces and defending Polish units during the German invasion of Poland (also known in Polish historiography as the September Campaign). The defense of the Hel Peninsula took place around the Hel Fortified Area, a system of Polish fortifications that had been constructed in the 1930s near the interwar border with the German Third Reich.

  6. Slovak invasion of Poland

    16 September 1939

    The Slovak invasion of Poland occurred during Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland in September 1939. The recently created Slovak Republic joined the attack, and Field Army Bernolák contributed over 50,000 soldiers in three divisions.

  7. Soviet invasion of Poland

    17 September 1939 – 6 October 1939

    The Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east, without a formal declaration of war, on 17 September 1939, 16 days after Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west. Subsequent military operations lasted for the following 20 days and ended on 6 October 1939 with the two-way division and annexation of the entire territory of the Second Polish Republic by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.

  8. Battle of Kock

    2 October 1939 – 5 October 1939

    The Battle of Kock was the final battle in the invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II in Europe. It took place from 2 to 5 October 1939, near the town of Kock in Poland.

  9. The Holocaust in Poland

    1940s

    The Holocaust saw the ghettoization, robbery, deportation and mass murder of Jews in occupied Poland by Nazi Germany. Over three million Polish Jews were murdered, primarily at the Chełmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka and Auschwitz extermination camps, who made up half of the Jewish Holocaust victims.

  10. Battle of the Dukla Pass

    8 September 1944 – 28 October 1944

    The Battle of the Dukla Pass, also known as the Dukla, Carpatho–Dukla, Rzeszów–Dukla, or Dukla–Prešov offensive, was the battle for control over the Dukla Pass on the border between Poland and Slovakia on the Eastern Front of World War II between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in September–October 1944. It was part of the Soviet east Carpathian strategic offensive that also included the Carpathian–Uzhgorod offensive.

  11. Vistula–Oder Offensive

    12 January 1945 – 2 February 1945

    The Vistula–Oder offensive (Russian: Висло-Одерская операция, romanized: Vislo–Oderskaya operatsiya) was a Red Army operation on the Eastern Front in the European theatre of World War II in January 1945. The army made a major advance into German-held territory, capturing Kraków, Warsaw, and Poznań.

  12. Siege of Breslau

    23 January 1945 – 6 May 1945

    The siege of Breslau, also known as the battle of Breslau, was a three-month-long siege of the city of Breslau in Lower Silesia, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland), lasting to the end of World War II in Europe. From 13 February 1945 to 6 May 1945, German troops in Breslau were besieged by the Soviet forces which encircled the city as part of the Lower Silesian Offensive Operation.

  13. Poznań 1956 protests

    June 1956

    The first of several massive protests against the communist government of the Polish People's Republic took place in Poznań from 28 to 30 June 1956. Demonstrations by workers demanding better working conditions began at Poznań's Cegielski Factories and were met with violent repression.

  14. Treaty of Moscow

    12 August 1970

    The Treaty of Moscow was signed on 12 August 1970 between the Soviet Union and West Germany. It was signed by Willy Brandt and Walter Scheel for West Germany's side and by Alexei Kosygin and Andrei Gromyko for the Soviet Union.

  15. 1997 Central European flood

    5 July 1997 – 6 August 1997

    The 1997 Central European flood or the 1997 Oder Flood of the Oder and Morava river basins in July 1997 affected Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany, taking the lives of 114 people and causing material damages estimated at $4.5 billion (3.8 billion euros in the Czech Republic and Poland and 330 million euros in Germany). The flooding began in the Czech Republic, then spread to Poland and Germany.

  16. LOT Polish Airlines Flight 16

    1 November 2011

    LOT Polish Airlines Flight 16 was a scheduled flight from Newark, United States, to Warsaw, Poland. On 1 November, 2011, the Boeing 767 operating the route made a successful gear-up emergency landing at Warsaw Chopin Airport, after its landing gear failed to extend.

  17. COVID-19 pandemic

    1 December 2019

    The global COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It spread to other parts of Asia and then worldwide in early 2020.

  18. protests against the tightening of the abortion law in Poland in 2020

    2020

    The 2020–2021 women's strike protests in Poland, commonly called the Women's Strike (Polish: Strajk Kobiet), were anti-government demonstrations and protests in Poland that began on 22 October 2020, in reaction to a ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal, mainly consisting of judges who were appointed by the ruling Law and Justice (Polish: Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS) dominated United Right, which tightened the law on abortion in Poland. The ruling made almost all cases of abortion illegal, including those cases in which the foetus had a severe and permanent disability, or an incurable and…

  19. COVID-19 pandemic in Europe

    24 January 2020

    The global COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Europe with its first confirmed case in Bordeaux, France, on 24 January 2020, and subsequently spread widely across the continent. By 17 March 2020, every country in Europe had confirmed a case, and all have reported at least one death, with the exception of Vatican City.

  20. 2024 Central European floods

    September 2024

    The 2024 Central European floods were a series of floods caused by a record heavy rainfall generated by Storm Boris, an extremely humid Genoa low. The flooding began in Austria and the Czech Republic, then spread to Poland, Romania and Slovakia, and then onwards to Germany and Hungary.