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The Story of

Morocco

740 – 2025

Sovereign state in North Africa

  1. 1960 Agadir earthquake

    29 February 1960

    The 1960 Agadir earthquake occurred on 29 February at 23:40:18 Western European Time near the city of Agadir, located in western Morocco on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. Despite the earthquake's moderate Mw scale magnitude of 5.8, its relatively shallow depth (15.0 km) resulted in strong surface shaking, with a maximum perceived intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale.

  2. Sand War

    25 September 1963 – 20 February 1964

    The Sand War (Arabic: حَرْبُ الرِّمَال, romanized: Ḥarb ar-Rimāl) was a border conflict between Algeria and Morocco fought from September 25 to October 30, 1963, although a formal peace treaty was not signed until February 20, 1964. It resulted largely from the Moroccan government's claim to portions of Algeria's Tindouf and Béchar provinces.

  3. Casablanca Protocol

    11 September 1965

    The Casablanca Protocol, formally the Protocol for the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States, was a statement by the Arab League on 11 September 1965, made at the 1965 Arab League summit in Casablanca, Morocco. The statement, in five articles, sought to regularize the legal protections for Palestinian refugees residing in the countries of the Arab World.

  4. 1969 Portugal earthquake

    28 February 1969

    The 1969 Portugal earthquake struck western Portugal and Morocco on 28 February at 02:40 UTC. Originating west of the Strait of Gibraltar, the earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.8 and the maximum felt intensity was VII (Very strong) on the Mercalli intensity scale. In total, 13 people died and 80 sustained minor injuries.

  5. Moulay Bouazza plot

    1973

    The Moulay Bouazza plot was a 1973 conspiracy by members of the National Union of Popular Forces to overthrow King Hassan II of Morocco.

  6. Agadir air disaster

    3 August 1975

    On 3 August 1975, a chartered Royal Air Maroc international passenger flight from Paris to Agadir crashed into a mountain while descending to land at Inezgane Airport. All 188 passengers and crew members died.

  7. Green March

    6 November 1975 – 9 November 1975

    The Green March (Arabic: المسيرة الخضراء, romanized: al-masīrat ul-khaḍrāʾ) was a strategic mass demonstration in November 1975, coordinated by the Moroccan government and the military, to force Spain to hand over the disputed, autonomous semi-metropolitan province of Spanish Sahara to Morocco. The Spanish government was preparing to abandon the territory as part of the decolonization of Africa, just as it had granted independence to Equatorial Guinea in 1968.

  8. Battle of Bir Anzarane

    11 August 1979

    The Battle of Bir Anzarane was a significant military confrontation between the armed forces of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, represented by the Polisario Front, and the Moroccan Armed Forces. The confrontation took place in the oasis of Bir Anzarane, situated in Western Sahara, a territory that is the subject of a claim by both parties.

  9. Arabic–African Union Treaty

    13 August 1984

    The Oujda Treaty (also known as the Arab–African Federation Treaty) was signed on 13 August 1984 between King Hassan II of Morocco and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya. It was approved by Moroccan voters in a referendum on 31 August, and by the Libyan General People's Congress.

  10. Battle of Guelta Zemmour

    7 October 1989

    The Battle of Guelta Zemmur occurred on 7 October 1989, when POLISARIO guerrillas commanded by Lahbib Ayub attacked the village of Guelta Zemmur on the Moroccan side of the Moroccan Western Sahara Wall. The attack was the first major military engagement in the war since 1988, as the Polisario Front had ended negotiations with Morocco in that year.

  11. 2004 Morocco earthquake

    24 February 2004

    On 24 February 2004 at 03:27 CET (02:27 UTC), an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 6.3 and maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent) struck Morocco's Al Hoceïma Province. The earthquake's epicenter was located about 13 km (8.1 mi) south-southwest of the provincial capital of Al Hoceima.

  12. 2011–2012 Moroccan protests

    20 February 2011

    The Moroccan protests were a series of demonstrations across Morocco which occurred from 20 February 2011 to the fall of 2012. They were part of the larger Arab Spring protests.

  13. 2011 Royal Moroccan Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules crash

    26 July 2011

    On 26 July 2011, a C-130 Hercules military transport aircraft operated by the Royal Moroccan Air Force crashed near Guelmim, Morocco, killing all 80 people on board. The plane was carrying 71 passengers (initially reported as 72), mostly members of the Moroccan Armed Forces, and nine crew.

  14. Houthi insurgency

    6 February 2015

    The Houthi insurgency, also known as the Sa'dah Wars, was a military rebellion pitting Zaidi Shia Houthis that began in northern Yemen and has since escalated into a full-scale civil war. The conflict was sparked in 2004 by the government's attempt to arrest Hussein al-Houthi, a Zaidi religious leader of the Houthis and a former parliamentarian on whose head the government had placed a $55,000 bounty.

  15. 2016 Strait of Gibraltar earthquake

    25 January 2016

    The 2016 Alboran Sea earthquake struck offshore, north northeast of Al Hoceïma, Morocco in the Strait of Gibraltar on 25 January at 04:22:02 UTC, or roughly 05:22:02 West Africa Time. At its strongest in the Alboran Sea, the earthquake measured 6.3–6.4 on the moment magnitude scale (Mw) at a shallow hypocenter depth of 12 km (7.5 mi).

  16. COVID-19 pandemic

    1 December 2019

    The global COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It spread to other parts of Asia and then worldwide in early 2020.

  17. Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)

    13 November 2020

    Clashes between Morocco and the Polisario Front's Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) broke out in the disputed region of Western Sahara in November 2020. It was the latest escalation of an unresolved conflict over the region, of which 75–80% is occupied by Morocco.

  18. 2022 Melilla incident

    24 June 2022

    On 24 June 2022, 23 migrants and asylum seekers were killed after a crowd crush at the Melilla border fence during a conflict with Moroccan and Spanish security forces. The conflict broke out as around 2,000 migrants and asylum seekers gathered in the early hours of the day to cross the border into Spain.

  19. 2023 Marrakesh-Safi earthquake

    8 September 2023

    On 8 September 2023 at 23:11 DST (22:11 UTC), an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 6.9 and maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent) struck Morocco's Al Haouz Province. The earthquake's epicenter was 73.4 km (45.6 mi) southwest of Marrakesh, near the town of Ighil and the Oukaïmeden ski resort in the Atlas Mountains.

  20. 2025 protests in Morocco

    27 September 2025 – 18 October 2025

    A series of youth-led demonstrations took place in Morocco between 27 September and 18 October 2025. Organized by decentralized, anonymous collectives known as GenZ 212 and Moroccan Youth Voice (Arabic: صوت شباب المغرب, romanized: ṣawt šabāb al-Maḡrib), the protests demanded significant improvements to public education and healthcare, while criticizing government focus on international sporting events like the 2030 FIFA World Cup and the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations.