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The Story of

Bolivia

1809 – 2026

Sovereign state in South America

  1. La Paz Revolution

    1809

    The City of La Paz is located in the highlands of Upper Peru, located in what is known today as Bolivia. This area became the center of a political upheaval in 1809.

  2. Bolivian War of Independence

    25 May 1809 – 1825

    The Bolivian War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de Independencia de Bolivia, 1809–1825) began with the establishment of government juntas in Sucre and La Paz after the Chuquisaca Revolution and La Paz revolution. These Juntas, part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, were defeated shortly after by Peruvian royalist forces.

  3. Chuquisaca Revolution

    25 May 1809

    The Chuquisaca Revolution was a popular uprising on 25 May 1809 against Ramón García de León y Pizarro, Governor-intendant of the Intendancy of Chuquisaca (or Charcas) (today Sucre, Bolivia). The Real Audiencia of Charcas, with support from the faculty of University of Saint Francis Xavier, deposed the governor and formed a junta.

  4. Battle of Suipacha

    7 November 1810

    The Battle of Suipacha was fought on 7 November 1810 in Bolivia during the Bolivian War of Independence between the Spanish colonial army and the Republican forces sent by the Primera Junta from Buenos Aires. At the time, Bolivia was known as Upper Peru.

  5. Battle of Vilcapugiou

    1 October 1813

    The Battle of Vilcapugio (Quechua: Sacred Well) was a major battle fought on October 1, 1813, during the second Campaign of Upper Peru in the Argentine War of Independence, where the United Provinces forces led by General Manuel Belgrano were defeated by a royalist army, led by Joaquin de la Pezuela.

  6. Bolivian Declaration of Independence

    6 August 1825

    Bolivia's independence was definitively proclaimed on 6 August 1825 at a congress held in Chuquisaca.

  7. Treaty of Piquiza

    6 July 1828

    The Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1828, First Peruvian invasion of Bolivia or First Peruvian intervention in Bolivia was an invasion of Bolivia by Peru headed by Agustín Gamarra in the form of a foreign intervention in an internal conflict in the Republic of Bolivia, being the first important war in the new country, just three years after becoming independent, and endangering its autonomy as a result of the occupation. Its objective was to force the departure of the troops of the Republic of Colombia from Bolivia, the resignation of Antonio José de Sucre, and the prevention of the opening of a…

  8. Peruvian Pacification War

    1835–1836

    The Bolivian occupation of Peru, known in Bolivia as the Pacification of Peru (Spanish: Pacificación del Perú), took place during the civil war between Andrés de Santa Cruz and Felipe Santiago Salaverry. The allied Bolivian–Peruvian Army led by Santa Cruz, with the support of militias from Iquicha led by Antonio Huachaca successfully fought the allied forces of Salaverry and Agustín Gamarra, achieving its goal of establishing a Confederate state consisting of a Peruvian and Bolivian state.

  9. Guerra de la Union y la Fuerza

    1 October 1841 – 7 June 1842

    The Peruvian–Bolivian War was a warlike confrontation between Peru and Bolivia in the years 1841 and 1842. In 1841, Agustín Gamarra, President of Peru, tried to annex Bolivia, which cost the Peruvian president his life on November 18, 1841 at the Battle of Ingavi.

  10. Battle of Ingavi

    18 November 1841

    The Battle of Ingavi was fought on 18 November 1841, near Viacha, during the Peruvian–Bolivian War of 1841–1842. The Bolivian Army under the command of José Ballivián repelled the invading Peruvian Army commanded by Agustín Gamarra, who was killed in action.

  11. Tratado de Puno

    7 June 1842

    The Peruvian–Bolivian War was a warlike confrontation between Peru and Bolivia in the years 1841 and 1842. In 1841, Agustín Gamarra, President of Peru, tried to annex Bolivia, which cost the Peruvian president his life on November 18, 1841 at the Battle of Ingavi.

  12. Chincha Islands War

    14 April 1864 – 1866

    The Chincha Islands War, also known as Spanish–South American War (Spanish: Guerra hispano-sudamericana), was a series of coastal and naval battles between Spain and its former colonies of Peru, Chile, Ecuador, and Bolivia from 1865 to 1879. The conflict began with Spain's seizure of the guano-rich Chincha Islands in one of a series of attempts by Spain, under Isabella II, to reassert its influence over its former South American colonies.

  13. Chilean occupation of Antofagasta

    14 February 1879

    The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico), also known by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought over Chilean claims on coastal Bolivian territory in the Atacama Desert, the war ended with victory for Chile, which gained a significant amount of resource-rich territory from Peru and Bolivia.

  14. Battle of Topeter

    23 March 1879

    The Battle of Topáter, or Battle of Calama, was fought on March 23, 1879, between Chile and Bolivia. It was the first battle of the War of the Pacific.

  15. War of the Pacific

    5 April 1879 – 4 April 1884

    The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico), also known by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought over Chilean claims on coastal Bolivian territory in the Atacama Desert, the war ended with victory for Chile, which gained a significant amount of resource-rich territory from Peru and Bolivia.

  16. Battle of Tacna

    26 May 1880

    The Battle of Tacna, also known as the Battle of the Alto de la Alianza, was a battle that took place on May 26, 1880, at the plateau of the Alto de la Alianza, a hill a few miles north of the Peruvian city of Tacna. It effectively destroyed the Peru-Bolivian alliance against Chile, forged by a secret treaty signed in 1873.

  17. Acre War

    1899–1903

    The Acre War, known in Brazil as Acrean Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução Acreana) and in Spanish as Guerra del Acre ("War of the Acre") was a border conflict between Bolivia and the First Brazilian Republic over the Acre Region, which was rich in rubber and gold deposits. The conflict had two phases between 1899 and 1903, and ended with an Acrean victory and the subsequent Treaty of Petrópolis, which ceded Acre to Brazil.

  18. Bolivian Civil War

    1899

    The Bolivian Civil War, also known as the Federal War (Spanish: Guerra Federal) was a civil war in Bolivia fought from 1898 to 1899. The war saw two factions, a conservative side supported by the political, economic and religious elite of the country with control of the armed forces and who defended a unitary state, and a liberal faction opposed to the policies set by the state and that intended to transform the country into a federation, with support of the peasantry, the indigenous peoples and small Catholic businesses.

  19. Treaty of Petrópolis

    11 November 1903

    The Treaty of Petrópolis, signed on November 17, 1903, in the Brazilian city of Petrópolis, ended the Acre War between Bolivia and Brazil over the then-Bolivian territory of Acre (today the Acre state), a desirable territory in Bolivia-Brazil border during the contemporary rubber boom. The treaty, drafted by Brazilian foreign affairs minister José Maria da Silva Paranhos, gave Brazil the territory of Acre (191,000 km2), in exchange for over 3,000 km2 of Brazilian territory between the Abuna River and Madeira River, a monetary payment of two million British pounds, paid in two installments,…

  20. Treaty of Peace and love

    20 October 1904

    The Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1904 between Chile and Bolivia was signed in Santiago de Chile on 20 October 1904, to delineate the boundary through 96 specified points between Cerro Zapaleri and Cerro Chipe and to regulate the relations between the two countries 20 years after the end of the War of the Pacific. The Bolivia–Chile boundary is about 861 kilometres (535 mi) long and is demarcated by pillars in the Andes.