Battle of Gol-Zarriun
560
The Battle of Gol-Zarriun, also known as Battle of Bukhara, took place around 563 when the Sasanian Empire and the First Turkic Khaganate allied with each other against the Hephthalite Empire.
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The Story of
Uzbekistan
560 – 2022
Sovereign state in Central Asia
Battle of Baykand
729
The Battle of Baykand was fought in 729 between the Turkic Türgesh khaganate and its Soghdian allies and the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate at Baykand, a town near Bukhara in Transoxiana (in modern Uzbekistan). The Arab army, under the governor of Khurasan Ashras ibn Abdallah al-Sulami, campaigned across the Oxus River to suppress a large-scale rebellion of the subject Soghdian princes that had broken out the previous year and received Türgesh support.
Battle of Qatwan
9 September 1141
The Battle of Qatwan (Chinese: 卡特萬之戰) was fought in September 1141 between the Qara Khitai (Western Liao dynasty) and the Seljuk Empire and its vassal-state the Kara-Khanid Khanate. The battle ended in a decisive defeat for the Seljuks, signaling the beginning of the end of the Great Seljuk Empire.
Siege of Samarkand
1220
The siege of Samarkand took place in March 1220 after Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, had launched a multi-pronged invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, ruled by Shah Muhammad II. The Mongols had laid siege to the border town of Otrar, but finding its defences obdurate, a large force commanded by Genghis and his youngest son Tolui detached from the vanguard and set off southwards, towards Transoxiana. Samarkand was the Shah's capital and the pivot of his defence — the city's garrison was large and its battlements were one of the strongest in the empire.
Siege of Bukhara (1220)
February 1220
The siege of Bukhara took place in February 1220, during the Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire. Genghis Khan, ruler of the Mongol Empire, had launched a multi-pronged assault on the Khwarazmian Empire ruled by Shah Muhammad II. While the Shah planned to defend his major cities individually, the Mongols laid siege to the border town of Otrar, and struck further into Khwarazmia.
Siege of Gurganj
October 1220 – April 1221
The siege of Gurganj occurred during the Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire. The siege's length is variable, with historians such as Rashid al-Din Hamadani stating that it lasted for seven months, but it is largely agreed that it ended with the defeat and annihilation of the city in April 1221.
Battle of the Mire
22 May 1365
The Battle of Tashkent also known as the Battle of the Mire or The Battle of the Marshes took place between the Chagatai Khanate and the forces of Amir Husayn and Timur, and a rare defeat for Timur. In 1365, the Mongols returned under the leadership of Haji Ilyas.
Siege of Samarkand
1494–1496
The sieges of Samarkand (1494-1496) were two failed sieges of Samarkand during the chaotic years of civil war that preceded the fall of the Timurid Empire in 1501.
Siege of Samarkand
May 1497
The siege of Samarkand (1497) was a successful siege by the two armies of Emir Babur of Fergana and Sultan Ali of Bukhara of the city of Samarkand. In May 1497, the city was captured after seven months of siege.
Siege of Samarkand
1501
The siege of Samarkand was the third and last campaign against the city between Mughal and Uzbeks. Four years after its recapture by the forces of Babur, he lost his kingdom and capital following a rebellion.
Battle of Ghazdewan
12 November 1512
The Battle of Ghazdewan occurred near the city of Ghijduvan, what is now Uzbekistan in November 1512 AD between Safavid army, supported by the Mughal Empire, and the Uzbek army.
Capture of Samarkand by Nader Shah Afshar
1740
Nader Shah, the founder of Afsharid dynasty, captured Samarkand (Persian: فتح سمرقند), one of the main political and economic centres of the region, during his Central Asian campaign in 1740. For Nader Shah, who was an admirer of Amir Timur, Samarkand had a symbolic meaning.
Siege of Samarkand
12 June 1868 – 18 June 1868
The siege of Samarkand, or siege of the Samarkand Citadel, was a military engagement fought in the city of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan) in June 1868. In the engagement, a small garrison of Russian Imperial soldiers was besieged by a combined army of Bukharan soldiers and their allies - including the Kokand Khanate and tributary Turkmen-Uzbek tribes.
1902 Andijan earthquake
16 December 1902
The 1902 Andijan earthquake occurred on December 16 with a surface-wave magnitude of 6.4 and a maximum perceived Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The city was leveled and over 4,000 people died.
1907 Qaratog earthquake
21 October 1907
The 1907 Qaratog earthquake occurred at 04:23 UTC on 21 October near Qaratog (Karatag) in the border area between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, then part of the Russian Empire. The shock had an estimated surface-wave magnitude of 7.4 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale.
Siege of Khiva
19 January 1924 – 24 January 1924
The Siege of Khiva was a military operation from 19 January to 19 August 1924 by Basmachi insurgents to conquer the city of Khiva from the Red Army.
Tashkent Declaration
10 January 1966
The Tashkent Declaration was signed between India and Pakistan on 10 January 1966 to resolve the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Peace was achieved on 23 September through interventions by the Soviet Union and the United States, both of which pushed the two warring countries towards a ceasefire in an attempt to avoid any escalation that could draw in other powers.
Tajikistani Civil War
5 May 1992 – 27 June 1997
The Tajikistani Civil War was an armed conflict in Tajikistan that began in May 1992 and ended in June 1997. Regional groups from the Garm and Gorno-Badakhshan regions of Tajikistan rose up against the newly formed government of President Rahmon Nabiyev, which was dominated by people from the Khujand and Kulob regions.
Uzbekistani presidential term referendum
26 March 1995
A referendum on extending President Islam Karimov's term was held in Uzbekistan on 26 March 1995. The proposal would see Karimov remain in office until 2000.
1999 Tashkent bombings
16 February 1999
The 1999 Tashkent bombings occurred on 16 February when six car bombs exploded in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. The bombs exploded over the course of an hour and a half, and targeted multiple government buildings.