Siege of Fort Zeelandia
30 March 1661 – 1 February 1662
The siege of Fort Zeelandia of 1661–1662 ended the Dutch East India Company's rule over Taiwan and began the Kingdom of Tungning's rule over the island.
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The Story of
Taiwan
1661 – 2025
Country in East Asia
Battle of Penghu
16 July 1683
The Battle of Penghu (Chinese: 澎湖海戰) was a naval battle fought in 1683 between the Qing dynasty and the Kingdom of Tungning. The Qing admiral Shi Lang led a fleet to attack the Tungning forces in Penghu.
Lin Shuangwen rebellion
1786–1788
The Lin Shuangwen rebellion (Chinese: 林爽文事件; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Sóng-bûn sū-kiāⁿ; lit. 'Lin Shuangwen Incident') occurred in 1787–1788 in Taiwan under the rule of the Qing dynasty.
Tai Chao-chuen incident
1862
The Tai Chao-chuen Incident (Chinese: 戴潮春事件) was one of the three major rebellions in Taiwan during the rule of the Qing dynasty. The rebellion lasted from 1862 to about 1865.
Battle of Tamsui
8 October 1884
The Battle of Tamsui, Danshui, or Hobe (2–8 October 1884) was a significant battle where French military forces were defeated by Qing forces at Tamsui on Taiwan during the Keelung Campaign of the Sino-French War.
Pescadores Campaign
23 March 1895 – 26 March 1895
The Pescadores campaign (23–26 March 1895) was the last military operation of the First Sino-Japanese War and an essential preliminary to the Japanese conquest of Taiwan.
1906 Meishan earthquake
16 March 1906
The 1906 Meishan earthquake (Chinese: 1906年梅山地震; pinyin: 1906 nián Měishān Dìzhèn) was centered on Moe'akhe (Chinese: 梅仔坑; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Môe-á-kheⁿ), Kagi-cho, Japanese Taiwan (modern-day Meishan, Chiayi County, Taiwan) and occurred on March 17. Referred to at the time as the Great Kagi earthquake (Chinese: 嘉義大地震; pinyin: Jiāyì Dà Dìzhèn), it is the third-deadliest earthquake in Taiwan's recorded history, claiming around 1,260 lives.
Beipu Uprising
November 1907
The Beipu Incident (Chinese: 北埔事件), or the Beipu Uprising, in 1907 was the first instance of an armed local uprising against the Japanese rule of the island of Taiwan. In response to oppression of the local population by the Japanese authorities, a group of insurgents from the Hakka subgroup of Han Chinese and Saisiyat indigenous group in Hoppo, Shinchiku Chō (modern-day Beipu, Hsinchu County), attacked Japanese officials and their families.
Xinhai Revolution
10 October 1911 – 12 February 1912
The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, culminated in the end of China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC). The revolution was the culmination of a decade of agitation, revolts, and uprisings.
Northeast Flag Replacement
29 December 1928
The Northeast Flag Replacement (traditional Chinese: 東北易幟; simplified Chinese: 东北易帜; pinyin: Dōngběi Yìzhì) refers to Zhang Xueliang's announcement on 29 December 1928 that all banners of the Beiyang government in Manchuria would be replaced with the flag of the Nationalist government, thus nominally uniting China under one government following the Northern Expedition.
Nanjing Massacre
1937 – 2 February 1938
The Nanjing Massacre or the Rape of Nanjing (formerly romanized as Nanking) was the mass rape and murder, between December 1937 and March 1938, of Chinese civilians, noncombatants, and prisoners of war by the Imperial Japanese Army in Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China. It took place immediately after the Battle of Nanjing and retreat of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Second Sino-Japanese War
7 July 1937 – 9 September 1945
The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan and its puppet states between 1937 and 1945, following a period of conflict that started in 1931. It is often regarded as the beginning of World War II in Asia, as the wars became heavily intertwined after Japan attacked the United States.
Battle of Shanghai
13 August 1937 – 26 November 1937
The Battle of Shanghai (traditional Chinese: 淞滬會戰; simplified Chinese: 淞沪会战; pinyin: Sōng hù huìzhàn) was a major campaign fought between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in the Chinese city of Shanghai during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It lasted from August 13 to November 26, 1937, and was arguably the single largest and longest battle of the entire war, with it even regarded by some historians as the first battle of World War II. It resulted in the Japanese capture of Shanghai and heavy destruction to the city.
World War II
1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945
World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries were involved, with many engaging in total war on an unprecedented scale.
Japanese Instrument of Surrender
2 September 1945
The Japanese Instrument of Surrender was the printed agreement that formalized the surrender of Japan, marking the end of hostilities in World War II. It was signed by representatives from Japan and from the Allied nations: the United States, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, Australia, Canada, France, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. The signing took place on the deck of USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay just after 09:00 Japan Standard Time (JST) and took effect at 09:25 JST on 2 September 1945.
retrocession of Taiwan
25 October 1945
On 25 October 1945, Japan handed over Taiwan and Penghu to the Republic of China, as a result of World War II. This marked the end of Japanese rule and the beginning of post-war era of Taiwan. This event was referred to by the Republic of China as the retrocession of Taiwan (臺灣光復).
Chinese Civil War
31 March 1946 – 1 May 1950
The Chinese Civil War was fought between the government of the Republic of China (ROC), led by the Kuomintang (KMT), and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermittently from 1 August 1927 until Communist victory that led to the Kuomintang's retreat to Taiwan on 7 December 1949.
Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States of America and the Republic of China
4 November 1946
The Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States of America and the Republic of China was a bilateral treaty signed by the United States and China on November 4, 1946. It became effective on November 30, 1948, following the mutual exchange of ratifications, pursuant to Article XXX. It fulfilled the desires of both countries to establish such a treaty as previously expressed in Article XII of the Treaty for Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China.
228 Incident
27 February 1947 – 16 May 1947
The February 28 incident (also called the February 28 massacre, the 228 incident, or the 228 massacre) was an anti-government uprising in Taiwan in 1947 that was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang–led Nationalist government of the Republic of China (ROC). Directed by provincial governor Chen Yi and President Chiang Kai-shek, thousands of civilians were killed beginning on February 28.
Period of mobilization for the suppression of Communist rebellion
10 May 1948 – 1 May 1991
Period of mobilization for the suppression of Communist rebellion (Chinese: 動員戡亂時期; pinyin: Dòngyuán Kānluàn Shíqí; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tōng-oân Kham-loān sî-kî) is a political term used by the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China to indicate the country's entering into a state of emergency with the raising Chinese Civil War. The term aimed to mobilize the people and resources under Kuomintang's control to fight the Chinese Communist Party rebellion.