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The Story of

Democratic Republic of the Congo

1961 – 2025

Country in Central Africa

  1. Makombo massacre

    14 December 2009 – 17 December 2009

    The Makombo massacre took place from 14 to 17 December 2009 in the Haut-Uele District of Democratic Republic of the Congo in the village and region of Makombo. Human Rights Watch (HRW) believes the attacks, which killed 321 people, were perpetrated by the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), which denied responsibility.

  2. 2010 Filair Let L-410 crash

    25 August 2010

    On 25 August 2010, a Let L-410 Turbolet passenger aircraft of Filair crashed on approach to Bandundu Airport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing all but one of the 21 people on board. From a statement by the sole survivor, the accident was possibly the result of the occupants rushing to the front of the aircraft to escape from a crocodile smuggled on board by one of the passengers.

  3. Georgian Airways Flight 834

    4 April 2011

    On 4 April 2011, Georgian Airways Flight 834, a Bombardier CRJ100 passenger jet of Georgian Airways operating a domestic flight from Kisangani to Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), crashed while attempting to land at Kinshasa Airport. The aircraft, which was chartered by the United Nations, was trying to land during a thunderstorm.

  4. Hewa Bora Airways Flight 952

    8 July 2011

    On 8 July 2011, Hewa Bora Airways Flight 952, a Boeing 727 passenger jet on a domestic flight from Kinshasa, to Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), crashed on final approach at Kisangani, killing 77 of the 115 people on board.

  5. M23 Rebellion

    4 April 2012 – 7 November 2013

    The First M23 rebellion was an armed conflict in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, that occurred between the March 23 Movement (M23) rebel group and Congolese government forces between 4 April 2012 and 7 November 2013. It ended when a peace agreement was made among eleven African nations, and the M23 troops surrendered in Uganda.

  6. 2014 Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola virus outbreak

    November 2014

    In 2014, an outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) occurred. Genome sequencing has shown that this outbreak was not related to the 2014–15 West Africa Ebola virus epidemic, but was of the same EBOV species.

  7. Kasaï-Central clashes (2016–present)

    8 August 2016

    The Kamwina Nsapu rebellion, also spelled Kamuina Nsapu rebellion, was an uprising that took place in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 2016 and 2019. It was instigated by the Kamwina Nsapu militia against state security forces in the provinces of Kasaï-Central, Kasaï, Kasaï-Oriental, Lomami and Sankuru.

  8. December 2016 Congolese protests

    20 December 2016

    On 20 December 2016 the Democratic Republic of the Congo's president, Joseph Kabila, announced that he would not leave office despite the end of his constitutional term. Protests subsequently broke out across the country, which had never had a peaceful transfer of power since it gained independence in 1960.

  9. 2018–2020 Kivu Ebola epidemic

    1 August 2018

    The Kivu Ebola epidemic was an outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) mainly in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and in other parts of Central Africa, from 2018 to 2020. Between 1 August 2018 and 25 June 2020 it resulted in 3,470 reported cases.

  10. Assassination of Luca Attanasio

    22 February 2021

    Luca Attanasio, the Italian ambassador to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, was killed on 22 February 2021 along with two other people when a World Food Programme (WFP) delegation travelling on a field visit was attacked by armed individuals. The two-vehicle convoy with seven people was travelling in the Congolese province of North Kivu, from the province's capital of Goma to a WFP school feeding programme in Rutshuru, a town 70 kilometres north of Goma, on a route that would have taken the vehicles through Virunga National Park.

  11. 2021 Mont Nyiragongo eruption

    22 May 2021

    On 22 May 2021, Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo began erupting. As of 25 May, 32 people died as a result of the eruption and 1,000 homes were destroyed.

  12. Plaine Savo massacre

    2 February 2022

    On 2 February 2022, over 60 civilians from the Hema ethnic group were killed in a massacre in Djugu territory, Ituri Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. During the early hours, CODECO insurgents armed with machetes and edged weapons attacked Plaine Savo, a camp for internally displaced people in the northeast of the country in which around 4,000 people live.

  13. Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda conflict

    27 March 2022

    A conflict began between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda in 2022 after Rwandan forces intervened in the DRC to provide military support to the March 23 Movement (M23) rebel group, including fighting alongside them against the Congolese military (FARDC) and pro-government militias. A peace agreement between Rwanda and the DRC was signed on 27 June 2025, though fighting has continued and Rwandan troops remain in the DRC. Since the Second Congo War the eastern provinces of the DRC have been the site of an ongoing insurgency by various rebel groups, most notably the March…

  14. M23 campaign

    27 March 2022

    The M23 campaign is an ongoing series of military offensives launched by the March 23 Movement (M23), a Rwandan-backed rebel paramilitary group in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, since March 2022. In November 2021, M23 first launched attacks against the Congolese military (FARDC) and MONUSCO, seizing military positions in Ndiza, Cyanzu, and Runyoni in North Kivu Province.

  15. Kishishe massacre

    29 November 2022 – 1 December 2022

    The Kishishe massacre (French: Massacre de Kishishe) took place on 21–30 November 2022 in the Bwito Chiefdom of Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The atrocity was perpetrated by the March 23 Movement (M23), a predominantly Rwandan-backed Tutsi armed group, following clashes with local militias and FARDC. A preliminary investigation by the United Nations reported that at least 171 civilians were summarily executed, while Congolese authorities initially estimated the death toll at around 300.

  16. Makugwe massacre

    22 January 2023

    On 22 January 2023 in Makugwe in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Islamists killed about 20 people.

  17. 2023 Africa floods

    5 February 2023

    From February to late-December 2023, floods killed over 2,600 people in 15 countries across Africa.

  18. 2025 Goma offensive

    2025

    The 2025 Goma offensive was a military operation launched by the March 23 Movement (M23), a Congolese rebel group that is part of the Congo River Alliance (AFC) and is supported by Rwanda, against the regional capital of Goma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It lasted from January 23 to January 30, 2025.

  19. 2025 Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda peace agreement

    27 June 2025

    The Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda peace agreement, officially the Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity, is a peace treaty intended to end the conflict between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda, signed on June 27, 2025, in Washington, D.C., United States. The main points of the agreement call for the withdrawal of Rwandan troops from the eastern DRC and for the Congolese government to end its support for the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) militia.