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The Story of

Croatia

351 – 2023

Country in Central Europe

  1. Battle of Mursa Major

    28 September 351

    The Battle of Mursa was fought on 28 September 351 between the eastern Roman armies led by the Emperor Constantius II and the western forces supporting the usurper Magnentius. It took place at Mursa, near the Via Militaris in the province of Pannonia (modern Osijek, Croatia).

  2. Battle of Nedao

    454

    The Battle of Nedao was fought in Pannonia in 454 between the Huns and their former vassals or allies. The Nedao is believed to be a tributary of the Sava.

  3. Siege of Trsat

    799

    The siege of Trsat (Croatian: Opsada Trsata) was a battle fought over possession of the town of Trsat (Latin: Tarsatica) in Liburnia, near the Croatian–Frankish border. The battle was fought in the autumn of 799 between the defending forces of Dalmatian Croatia under the leadership of Croatian duke Višeslav, and the invading Frankish army of the Carolingian Empire led by Eric of Friuli.

  4. Siege of Ragusa

    866–868

    The siege of Ragusa (modern Dubrovnik in Croatia) by the Aghlabids of Ifriqiya lasted for fifteen months, beginning in 866 until the lifting of the siege upon the approach of a Byzantine fleet in 868. The failure of the siege and the re-appearance of the Byzantines in the region of Dalmatia signalled the beginning of new aggressive western policy by the new Byzantine emperor, Basil I. Its immediate effects were the re-establishment of Byzantine authority there in the form of the Theme of Dalmatia, and the beginning of the Christianization of the Slavs of the western Balkans, but within a…

  5. Battle of Makarska

    18 September 887

    The Battle of Makarska was a major confrontation on the sea between Slavic Narentine pirates and Republic of Venice, which occurred on 18 September 887.

  6. Battle of Gvozd Mountain

    1097

    The Battle of Gvozd Mountain took place in 1097 and was fought between the army of Petar Snačić and King Coloman I of Hungary. It was a decisive Hungarian victory, which ended the War of the Croatian Succession and served as a turning point in Croatian history.

  7. Siege of Zara

    10 November 1202 – 24 November 1202

    The siege of Zara or siege of Zadar (Croatian: opsada Zadra; Hungarian: Zára ostroma; 10–24 November 1202) was the first major action of the Fourth Crusade and the first attack against a Catholic city by Catholic crusaders. The crusaders had an agreement with Venice for transport across the sea, but the price far exceeded what they were able to pay.

  8. Siege of Zadar

    12 August 1345 – 21 December 1346

    The siege of Zadar (12 August 1345 – 21 December 1346) was a successful attempt of the Republic of Venice to capture Zadar (or Zara), a Croatian coastal city in northern Dalmatia. It was a combined land and sea offensive by the Venetians, consisting of many separate battles and operations against the citizens of Zadar, who refused to accept Venetian suzerainty and demanded autonomy.

  9. Siege of Knin

    May 1522 – 29 May 1522

    The siege of Knin (Croatian: Opsada Knina) was a siege of the city of Knin, the capital of the Kingdom of Croatia, by the Ottoman Empire in 1522. After two failed attempts in 1513 and 1514, Ottoman forces led by Ghazi Husrev Bey, sanjak-bey (governor) of the Sanjak of Bosnia, launched a major offensive on southern Croatia in the spring of 1522.

  10. Siege of Klis

    31 August 1536 – 12 March 1537

    The siege of Klis or Battle of Klis (Croatian: Opsada Klisa, Bitka kod Klisa, Turkish: Klise Kuşatması) was a siege of Klis Fortress in the Kingdom of Croatia within Habsburg monarchy. The siege of the fortress, which lasted for more than two decades, and the final battle near Klis in 1537, were fought as a part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars between the defending Croatian–Habsburg forces under the leadership of Croatian feudal lord Petar Kružić, and the attacking Ottoman army under the leadership of the Ottoman general Murat-beg Tardić.

  11. Siege of Gvozdansko

    13 January 1578

    The siege of Gvozdansko (Croatian: Opsada Gvozdanskog) was an Ottoman siege of the fort of Gvozdansko in the Kingdom of Croatia in 1577–1578. In the 1570s, the Ottomans intensified their efforts to capture the valley of the Una River.

  12. Battle of Sisak

    22 June 1593

    The Battle of Sisak was fought on 22 June 1593 between Ottoman Bosnian forces and a combined Christian army from the Habsburg lands, mainly the Kingdom of Croatia and Inner Austria. The battle took place at Sisak, central Croatia, at the confluence of the Sava and Kupa rivers, on the borderland between Christian Europe and the Ottoman Empire.

  13. Magnate conspiracy

    1670s

    The Magnate Conspiracy (also known as the Zrinski–Frankopan Conspiracy (Croatian: Zrinsko-frankopanska urota) in Croatia, and the Wesselényi Conspiracy (Hungarian: Wesselényi-összeesküvés) in Hungary, was a plot among Croatian and Hungarian nobles to oust the Habsburg Monarchy from Croatia and Hungary, in response to the Treaty of Vasvár in 1664. This treaty – which ended the Fourth Austro-Turkish War – was highly unpopular in the Military Frontier, and those who were involved in the conspiracy intended to reopen hostilities with the Ottoman Empire after they broke away from Habsburg rule.

  14. Siege of Ragusa

    26 May 1806 – June 1806

    The siege of Ragusa took place in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars (the War of the Third Coalition in a certain period). After French occupied the maritime republic of Ragusa, Russian and allied forces under the leadership of Vice Admiral Dmitry Senyavin laid siege to it for months.

  15. 1880 Zagreb earthquake

    9 November 1880

    The 1880 earthquake which struck Zagreb, and is also known as The Great Zagreb earthquake, occurred with a moment magnitude of 6.3 on 9 November 1880. Its epicenter was in the Medvednica mountain north of Zagreb.

  16. Fiume enterprise

    12 September 1919 – 27 December 1920

    In the aftermath of the First World War, the Fiume question was the dispute regarding the postwar fate of the city of Rijeka (Italian: Fiume) and its surroundings. As an element of the Adriatic question, the dispute arose from competing claims by the Kingdom of Italy and the short-lived State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs carved out in the process of the dissolution of Austria-Hungary.

  17. Bloody Christmas

    29 December 1920

    The Bloody Christmas (Croatian: Riječki krvavi božić; Italian: Natale di sangue) of 1920 was a series of clashes in Fiume (now Rijeka, Croatia), which led to the conclusion of the Fiume campaign that was carried out by the Italian poet, adventurer, and proto-fascist Gabriele D'Annunzio in 1920.

  18. Gata massacre

    1 October 1942

    The Gata massacre was the murder of 96 villagers in the Croatian village of Gata in 1942. The perpetrators of this massacre were members of Momčilo Đujić's Dinara Chetnik Division, under the leadership of Commander (vojvode) Mane Rokvić.

  19. Daksa massacre

    24 October 1944

    The Daksa massacre, also called the Daksa executions, refers to the war crime summary execution of 53 men, accused of collaboration, by Yugoslav Partisans on 24–25 October 1944 during World War II on the Croatian island of Daksa, near Dubrovnik. After the Partisans entered Dubrovnik on 18 October 1944, they arrested more than 300 citizens.

  20. Aviogenex Flight 130

    23 May 1971

    Aviogenex Flight 130 was an international charter passenger flight from Gatwick Airport, London to Rijeka Airport, Yugoslavia (modern-day Croatia). On 23 May 1971, the Tupolev Tu-134A servicing the flight suffered structural failure during landing.