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The Story of

Canada

900 – 2022

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  1. Battle of Queenston Heights

    13 October 1812

    The Battle of Queenston Heights was the first major engagement of the War of 1812. The battle took place on 13 October 1812, at Queenston in Upper Canada (now Ontario) and was a decisive British victory.

  2. Battle of Beaver Dams

    24 June 1813

    The Battle of Beaver Dams took place on 24 June 1813, during the War of 1812. A column of troops from the United States Army marched from Fort George and attempted to surprise a British outpost at Beaver Dams, billeting themselves overnight in the village of Queenston, Ontario.

  3. Battle of Lake Erie

    10 September 1813

    The Battle of Lake Erie, also known as the Battle of Put-in-Bay, was fought on 10 September 1813, on Lake Erie off the shores of Ohio during the War of 1812. Nine vessels of the United States Navy defeated and captured six vessels of the British Royal Navy.

  4. Battle of the Thames

    5 October 1813

    The Battle of the Thames , also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was an American victory over British forces and Tecumseh's Confederacy during the War of 1812. The battle took place on October 5, 1813, in Upper Canada near what is now Thamesville, Ontario.

  5. Battle of the Chateauguay

    26 October 1813

    The Battle of the Chateauguay was an engagement of the War of 1812. On 26 October 1813, a Canadian and Native force consisting of 1,530 militia and Mohawk warriors from Lower Canada, commanded by Charles de Salaberry, repelled an American force of about 2,600 regulars which was attempting to invade Lower Canada and ultimately attack Montreal.

  6. Battle of Chippawa

    5 July 1814

    The Battle of Chippawa (sometimes spelled Chippewa) was a War of 1812 battle fought on July 5, 1814, in which the United States Army defeated British forces during the American invasion of Upper Canada along the Niagara River. This battle and the subsequent Battle of Lundy's Lane demonstrated that trained American troops could hold their own against British regulars.

  7. Battle of Lundy's Lane

    25 July 1814

    The Battle of Lundy's Lane, also known as the Battle of Niagara or contemporarily as the Battle of Bridgewater, was fought on 25 July 1814, during the War of 1812, between an invading American army and a British and Canadian army near present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles fought in Canada, with approximately 1,720 casualties including 258 killed.

  8. Battle of Seven Oaks

    19 June 1816

    The Battle of Seven Oaks—also known as the Seven Oaks Massacre and the Seven Oaks Incident—was a violent confrontation of the Pemmican War between the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC) which occurred on 19 June 1816 near modern-day Winnipeg, Manitoba. Resulting in a decisive victory for the NWC over their rivals in the North American fur trade, the confrontation was the climax in a long series of dispute in the Canadas.

  9. Lower Canada Rebellion

    6 November 1837 – 10 November 1838

    The Lower Canada Rebellion (French: rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' Rebellion (Rébellion des patriotes) in French, is the name given to the armed conflict in 1837–38 between rebels and the British colonial government of Lower Canada (now southern Quebec). Together with the simultaneous rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada (now southern Ontario), it formed the Rebellions of 1837–38 (rébellions de 1837–38).

  10. Upper Canada Rebellion

    December 1837

    The Upper Canada Rebellion was an insurrection against the oligarchic government of the British colony of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) in December 1837. While public grievances had existed for years in Upper Canada, what emboldened rebels there to revolt was the rebellion which started the previous month in Lower Canada (present-day Quebec).

  11. Rebellions of 1837

    7 December 1837 – 4 December 1838

    The Rebellions of 1837–1838 (French: Rébellions de 1837) were two armed uprisings that took place in Lower and Upper Canada in 1837 and 1838. Both rebellions were motivated by frustrations with lack of political reform.

  12. Pastry War

    27 November 1838 – 9 March 1839

    The Pastry War began in November 1838 when French naval forces blockaded ports in Mexico, and captured San Juan de Ulúa in Veracruz. This was in response to allegations of mistreatment of French nationals in Mexico, including a pastry chef after whom the war was named, and ended in March 1839 with a British-brokered peace.

  13. Cayuse War

    1847–1855

    The Cayuse War (1847–1855) was an armed conflict between the Cayuse people of the Northwestern United States and settlers, backed by the U.S. government. The conflict was triggered by the Whitman massacre of 1847, where the Cayuse attacked a missionary outpost in response to a deadly measles epidemic that they believed was caused by Marcus Whitman.

  14. Fenian raids

    April 1866 – October 1871

    The Fenian raids were a series of incursions carried out by the Fenian Brotherhood, an Irish republican organization based in the United States, on military fortifications, customs posts, and other targets in Canada (called British North America until 1867) in 1866, and again from 1870 to 1871. A number of separate incursions by the Fenian Brotherhood into Canada were undertaken to bring pressure on the British government to withdraw from Ireland, although none of these raids achieved their aims.

  15. Red River Rebellion

    11 October 1869

    The Red River Rebellion (French: Rébellion de la rivière Rouge), also known as the Red River Resistance, Red River uprising, or First Riel Rebellion, was the sequence of events that led up to the 1869 establishment of a provisional government by Métis leader Louis Riel and his followers at the Red River Colony, in the early stages of establishing today's Canadian province of Manitoba. It had earlier been a territory called Rupert's Land and been under control of the Hudson's Bay Company before it was sold.

  16. Red River War

    1874–1875

    The Red River War was a military campaign launched by the United States Army in 1874 to displace the Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes from the Southern Plains, and forcibly relocate the tribes to reservations in Indian Territory. The war had several army columns crisscross the Texas Panhandle in an effort to locate, harass, and capture nomadic Native American bands.

  17. North-West Rebellion

    3 June 1885

    The North-West Rebellion (French: Rébellion du Nord-Ouest) was an armed rebellion of Métis under Louis Riel and an associated uprising of Cree and Assiniboine mostly in the District of Saskatchewan, against the Canadian government. Important events included the Frog Lake incident, and the capture of Batoche.

  18. Klondike Gold Rush

    1896–1899

    The Klondike Gold Rush was a migration by an estimated 100,000 prospectors to the Klondike region of Yukon in northwestern Canada, between 1896 and 1898. Gold was discovered there by local miners on August 16, 1896; when the news reached Seattle and San Francisco the following year, it triggered a stampede of prospectors.

  19. Halifax explosion

    6 December 1917

    On the morning of 6 December 1917, the French cargo ship SS Mont-Blanc and the Norwegian vessel SS Imo collided in the harbour of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Laden with high explosives, Mont-Blanc caught fire and detonated, devastating the Richmond district of Halifax.

  20. Statute of Westminster 1931

    1931

    The Statute of Westminster 1931 (22 & 23 Geo. 5.