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The Story of

Bosnia and Herzegovina

1388 – 2024

Country in Southeast Europe

  1. Battle of Bileća

    26 August 1388

    The Battle of Bileća was fought in August 1388 between the forces of the Kingdom of Bosnia, led by Grand Duke Vlatko Vuković, and the Ottoman Empire under the leadership of Lala Shahin Pasha. The Ottoman army broke into Hum, the kingdom's southern region.

  2. Siege of Jajce

    1463

    The siege of Jajce was a siege of the town of Jajce and its citadel in 1463, in a push by Ottomans to conquer as much of the Bosnian Kingdom, and continuation of the Ottoman–Hungarian Wars. After the fall of Travnik and royal fortress of Bobovac, in the initial days of invasion, Ottomans, led by the Sultan, captured the town.

  3. Battle of Kljuc

    1463

    The Battle of Kljuc was a pitched battle which took place during the conquest of Bosnia in 1463.

  4. Siege of Bihać

    10 June 1592 – 19 June 1592

    The city of Bihać in the Kingdom of Croatia within the Habsburg monarchy was besieged and captured by the Ottoman Empire in June 1592. With the arrival of Hasan-paša Predojević as the Beylerbey of the Bosnia Eyalet in 1591, a period of peace established between Emperor Rudolf II and Sultan Murad III ended and the provincial Ottoman armies launched an offensive on Croatia.

  5. Battle of Banja Luka

    4 August 1737

    The Battle of Banja Luka (Turkish: Banaluka Muharebesi, Serbo-Croatian: Banjolučki boj) took place in Banja Luka, Ottoman Bosnia, on 4 August 1737, during the Austro-Russian-Turkish War. An Austrian army under Prince Joseph Hildberghausen was defeated, as it attempted to besiege the town, when it ran into a large Ottoman relief force led by Italian vizier Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha.

  6. Herzegovina Uprising

    1875–1878

    The Herzegovina uprising (Serbian: Херцеговачки устанак, romanized: Hercegovački ustanak) was an uprising led by the Christian Serb population against the Ottoman Empire, firstly and predominantly in Herzegovina, from where it spread into Bosnia and Raška. It broke out in the summer of 1875, and in some regions lasted until the beginning of 1878.

  7. 1882 Herzegovina uprising

    11 January 1882 – April 1882

    The 1882 Herzegovina uprising (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Hercegovački ustanak) was an uprising by Serbian and Bosniak populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina against Austro-Hungarian rule. It was preceded by the Herzegovina uprising of 1875–1877.

  8. Battle of Kupres

    28 July 1942 – 19 August 1942

    The Battle of Kupres (Croatian: Bitka za Kupres) was fought in 1942 during World War II in the Independent State of Croatia, between the forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Yugoslav Partisans, in and around the town of Kupres in western Bosnia. The Partisans launched three concentrated attacks against the garrison of 1,500 men during the nights of 11/12 August, 14 August, and 19 August.

  9. Battle of Neretva

    February 1943 – April 1943

    Operation Weiss (German: Unternehmen Weiß), also known as the Fourth Enemy Offensive (Serbo-Croatian: Četvrta neprijateljska ofenziva/ofanziva), was a major Axis offensive launched against the Yugoslav Partisans throughout occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. It was one of the most significant confrontations of World War II in Yugoslavia. The offensive took place in early 1943, between 20 January and mid-to-late March.

  10. Battle of the Sutjeska

    15 May 1943 – 16 June 1943

    Operation Schwarz (German: Unternehmen Schwarz), also known as the Fifth Enemy Offensive (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Peta neprijateljska ofanziva) in Yugoslav historiography and often identified with its final phase, the Battle of the Sutjeska (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Bitka na Sutjesci pronounced [bîtka na sûtjɛst͡si]) was a joint attack by the Axis. Taking place from 15 May to 16 June 1943, it aimed to destroy the main Yugoslav Partisan force, near the Sutjeska River in south-eastern Bosnia.

  11. Mostar Operation

    1945

    The Mostar Operation was a series of Yugoslav Partisan military operations in Herzegovina from February 6–15, 1945.

  12. Operation Sarajevo

    28 March 1945 – 10 April 1945

    The Sarajevo Operation was an operation by the Yugoslav Partisan Army which led to the liberation of Sarajevo and Central Bosnia in March-April 1945.

  13. Battle of Odžak

    19 April 1945 – 25 May 1945

    The Battle of Odžak was the last battle of World War II in Europe. The battle began on 19 April 1945 and lasted until 25 May 1945, 17 days after the end of the war in Europe.

  14. Cazin uprising

    May 1950

    The Cazin rebellion (Serbo-Croatian: Cazinska buna, Цазинска буна) was an armed anti-state rebellion of peasants that occurred in May 1950 in the towns of Cazin and Velika Kladuša in the Bosanska Krajina region, as well as Slunj in Croatia, at that time part of Communist Yugoslavia. The peasants revolted against the forced collectivization and collective farms set up by the Yugoslav government following a drought in 1949, after which they had been punished due to their inability to meet the quotas.

  15. 1969 Banja Luka earthquake

    27 October 1969

    A series of earthquakes struck Banja Luka on October 26 and 27, 1969. They began with an unusually strong tremor on the night of October 26 at 02:55.

  16. Siege of Sarajevo

    1990s – 29 February 1996

    The Siege of Sarajevo (Serbian: Опсада Сарајева) (Croatian: Opsada Sarajeva) was a prolonged military blockade of Sarajevo, the capital of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the Bosnian War. Following Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of independence, and amid escalating ethnic violence in the city, forces of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) surrounded Sarajevo, establishing a complete military encirclement of the city.

  17. Bosnian Serb referendum, 1991

    10 November 1991

    A referendum on remaining in Yugoslavia was held in the parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina with a significant Serb population on 10 November 1991. The referendum was organised by the Bosnian Serb Assembly and asked two questions; to Serbs it asked: Do you agree with the decision of Assembly of the Serbian people in Bosnia and Herzegovina of October 24, 1991, that the Serbian people should remain in a common Yugoslav state with Serbia, Montenegro, the SAO Krajina, SAO Slavonija, Baranja and Western Srem, and with others who have come out for remaining?

  18. Višegrad massacres

    1992

    The Višegrad massacres were acts of mass murder committed against the Bosniak civilian population of the town and municipality of Višegrad during the ethnic cleansing of eastern Bosnia by Republika Srpska police and military forces during the spring and summer of 1992, at the start of the Bosnian War. According to documents of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), based on the victims reports, some 3,000 Bosniaks were murdered during the violence in Višegrad and its surroundings, including some 600 women and 119 children.

  19. Prijedor massacre

    1992

    During the Bosnian War, there was an ethnic cleansing campaign committed by the Bosnian Serb political and military leadership – Army of the Republika Srpska, mostly against Bosniak and Croat civilians in the Prijedor region of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 and 1993. The composition of non-Serbs was drastically reduced: out of a population of 50,000 Bosniaks and 6,000 Croats, only some 6,000 Bosniaks and 3,000 Croats remained in the municipality by the end of the war.

  20. Kazani pit killings

    1992

    During the Siege of Sarajevo in the Bosnian War, a number of predominantly ethnic Serbs living inside besieged Sarajevo were murdered by the forces of Mušan Topalović, commander of the 10th Mountain Brigade in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and disposed of in the Kazani pit mass grave.