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The Story of

Australia

1794 – 2025

Country in Oceania

  1. Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation

    16 June 1976

    The Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation (nicknamed the NARA Treaty) was a treaty signed between Australia and Japan that established a broad framework of principles to guide and enhance future bilateral relations in the political, economic, cultural and other fields. The treaty is historically significant because it is the first comprehensive treaty of its kind for both countries alike, containing both symbolic and practical provisions which acknowledged indispensable economic ties.

  2. Australia–France border

    1982

    The Australia–France Marine Delimitation Agreement is a 1982 treaty between Australia and France which establishes ocean borders between Australian territories and French territories. The treaty was signed in Melbourne on 4 January 1982.

  3. 1989 Newcastle earthquake

    28 December 1989

    The 1989 Newcastle earthquake was an intraplate earthquake that occurred in Newcastle, New South Wales, on Thursday 28 December. The shock measured 5.6 on the Richter scale and was one of Australia's most serious natural disasters, killing 13 people and injuring more than 160.

  4. Gulf War

    2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991

    The Gulf War was an armed conflict between Iraq and a 42-country coalition led by the United States in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990. The coalition's efforts were carried out in two phases: Operation Desert Shield, which marked the military buildup in the Persian Gulf region from August 1990 to January 1991; and Operation Desert Storm, which began with the bombing campaign against Iraq on 17 January and continued until the liberation of Kuwait on 28 February.

  5. Australian republic referendum

    6 November 1999

    The Australian republic referendum held on 6 November 1999 was a two-question referendum to amend the Constitution of Australia. The first question asked whether Australia should become a republic, under a bi-partisan appointment model where the president would be appointed by the federal parliament with a two-thirds majority.

  6. War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

    7 October 2001 – 30 August 2021

    The war in Afghanistan was a prolonged armed conflict from 2001 to 2021. It began with an invasion by a United States–led coalition under the name Operation Enduring Freedom in response to the September 11 attacks (9/11) carried out by the Taliban-allied and Afghanistan-based al-Qaeda.

  7. Operation Anaconda

    2002

    Operation Anaconda or the Battle of Shah-i-Kot was a military operation that took place in early March 2002 as part of the war in Afghanistan. CIA paramilitary officers, working with their allies, attempted to destroy al-Qaeda and Taliban forces.

  8. Iraq War

    20 March 2003 – 15 December 2011

    The Iraq War (Arabic: حرب العراق, romanized: ḥarb al-ʿirāq), also referred to as the Second Gulf War (Gulf War II), was a protracted armed conflict in Iraq from 2003 to 2011. It began in March 2003 with the invasion by a United States–led coalition, which resulted in the overthrow of the Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein.

  9. 2003 invasion of Iraq

    20 March 2003 – 1 May 2003

    The 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War. The invasion began on 20 March 2003 and lasted just over one month, including 26 days of major combat operations.

  10. Qantas Flight 72

    7 October 2008

    Qantas Flight 72 (QF72) was a scheduled flight from Singapore Changi Airport to Perth Airport by an Airbus A330. On 7 October 2008, the flight made an emergency landing at Learmonth Airport near the town of Exmouth, Western Australia, following an in-flight upset that included a pair of sudden, uncommanded pitch-down manoeuvres that caused severe injuries—including fractures, lacerations and spinal injuries—to several of the passengers and crew.

  11. 2010 Kalgoorlie-Boulder earthquake

    20 April 2010

    The 2010 Kalgoorlie–Boulder earthquake was a 5.2 Mw earthquake that occurred near the city of Kalgoorlie–Boulder, Western Australia on 20 April 2010, at approximately 8:17 am WST. The earthquake caused major damage to the historic buildings in Kalgoorlie–Boulder. Its epicenter was approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Kalgoorlie, at a depth of 10 km (6.2 mi).

  12. Early 2011 Victorian floods

    12 January 2011

    High intensity rainfall between 12–14 January 2011 caused major flooding across much of the western and central parts of the Australian state of Victoria. Several follow-up heavy rainfall events including Tropical Low Yasi caused repeated flash flooding in affected areas in early February in many of the communities affected by January's floods.

  13. 2010–2011 Queensland floods

    26 January 2011

    The 2010–2011 Queensland floods were a series of major floods that affected much of Queensland, Australia, between December 2010 and January 2011. Prolonged and extensive rainfall fell across large areas of the state on catchments already saturated by a strong La Niña event, following the wettest December on record for Queensland.

  14. Australia–China Free Trade Agreement

    2015

    The China–Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA) is a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) between the governments of Australia and China. Since negotiations began, 21 negotiating rounds have been completed.

  15. COVID-19 pandemic

    1 December 2019

    The global COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It spread to other parts of Asia and then worldwide in early 2020.

  16. March 2021 Australian floods

    18 March 2021 – 29 March 2021

    Extreme rainfall on the east coast of Australia beginning on 18 March 2021 led to widespread flooding in New South Wales, affecting regions from the North Coast to the Sydney metropolitan area in the south. Suburbs of Sydney experienced the worst flooding in 60 years, and the events were described by NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian as "one in 100-year" flooding.

  17. 2021 Mansfield earthquake

    22 September 2021

    An earthquake struck approximately 53 kilometres SSE of the town of Mansfield (in the vicinity of the township of Woods Point), in the Victorian Alps of Australia on 22 September 2021, at 09:15 local time. The earthquake measured 5.9 on the moment magnitude scale.

  18. 2022 New South Wales floods

    2022

    Heavy flooding broke out in the Central Coast and Sydney areas of New South Wales, Australia, beginning in early July 2022. Around 85,000 people were displaced by the flooding or requested to leave their homes by authorities.

  19. Rubiales affair

    20 August 2023

    The Rubiales case (Spanish: caso Rubiales) refers to the behaviour of and the events that followed the actions of Luis Rubiales, the president of the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), during the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final. After allegations of inappropriate behavior during the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final on 20 August 2023, Rubiales' response was perceived by critics to have exacerbated the situation in the days following the tournament, and to have exacerbated the controversy.

  20. 2025 Bondi Beach shooting

    14 December 2025

    On 14 December 2025, an antisemitic and Islamic State (IS)–inspired terrorist attack occurred at the Archer Park area of Bondi Beach in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, during a celebration of the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah attended by around 1,000 people. Sajid Akram and his son, Naveed Akram, allegedly shot dead 15 people, aged between 10 and 87, and injured forty others, including two police officers.